Soal UTBK SNBT Literasi Bahasa Inggris Lengkap Jawaban Panduan Belajar Jelang Tes Masuk PTN 2024

10. In the passage above the author mainly deals with …

(A) values of being healthy.
(B) ways to healthy lives.
(C) sustainable health.
(D) keeping healthy.
(E) youths’ health.

A difficult problem that the society is facing is the legalization of euthanasia – the act of causing death painlessly in order to end suffering. People who are in a coma because of injury to their brains and elderly people who are terminally ill are being kept alive by artificial means. They do not have a chance to recover, but laws in most states of the United States do not allow doctors to end their lives. Although many people feel that doctors must do everything possible to keep their patients alive, I believe that euthanasia should be legal for three reasons.

The first and most important reason to support euthanasia is that some patients who have no chance to recover do not wish to be kept alive on machines. These patients are kept alive by life-support machines such as respirators to help them breathe and feeding tubes to provide them with nutrition. A well-known example in the United States is the case of Teri Schiavo, a young woman who went into a coma in 1990. Mrs. Schiavo was able to breathe on her own, but her brain was dead. For fifteen years, she was kept alive by a feeding tube. After eight years of seeking treatment for her condition, her husband asked the court for permission to remove her feeding tube. He said that his wife had told him that she would not want to be kept alive artificially when there was no hope of recovery. Mrs. Schiavo’s parents disagreed with Mr. Schiavo and fought to keep their daughter alive. After seven years of bitter court battles, Mr. Schiavo finally won. Doctors removed Mrs. Schiavo’s feeding tube, and she soon died. Clearly, when there is absolutely no hope of recover, society should allow a person to die if that is her or his wish.

A second reason is that medical costs in the United States were very high. Keeping a person alive for years requires round-the-clock care in a hospital. According to an administrator at a local hospital, a daily hospital room charges average $5,000 there. The high cost can cause serious financial problems for a family.

The final reason is that the family suffers. Hospital staffs give terminally ill patients only minimal care. Thus, the
family must spend time caring for the special needs of their loved one. For instance, a cousin of mine who had been in a motorcycle accident was kept on life-support machines for eight years. Someone had to stay with him twenty-four hours a day. During those years, his parents took turns taking care of him. Other family members tried to help out when they could, but his parents did most of the physical work and suffered most of the emotional stress. After he finally died, my aunt said, “Of course, I am sad, but since we all knew he would eventually die, it might have been better if it had happened right when he had the accident. These past eight years have been hard.”

To summarize patients who are either terminally ill or who are in an irreversible coma often wish to die. Their care
is a financial, physical, and emotional burden for their families. Therefore, families should have the right to ask doctors to turn off life-support machines or to remove feeding tubes.

11. What does the author’s concern about the legal form of euthanasia?

(A) the family’s objection
(B) the family’s rights
(C) the life of the dying patient
(D) the patient’s expectation
(E) the doctor’s expertise

12. If you agree with the author, what might happen if someone who has a serious illness does not have the probability to get better?

(A) The doctor could remove feeding tubes.
(B) The family might refuse the idea of euthanasia.
(C) The doctor would offer to perform euthanasia.
(D) The patient would refuse to be hospitalized.
(E) The patient could ask their right to die soon.

13. Concerning euthanasia, the author thinks that …

(A) it should be legalized in any circumstances.
(B) the family, not the law, decides if it is to be performed.
(C) doctors should perform it when the patient wishes to die.
(D) it should be legalized under certain conditions.
(E) it is the answer to relieve a social burden of the patient’s family.

14. The least important reason the author argues is that …

(A) the patient’s family suffers because of the hospital staff’s indifference.
(B) doctors and nurses do not really care about their patients.
(C) when somebody is ill, the family has to take turns caring for them.
(D) the parents of the terminally ill patient suffer a lot.
(E) the family suffers the most although they know the patient will not recover.

15. The word irreversible in “… who are in an irreversible coma …” (line 26) means …

(A) temporary
(B) unchangeable
(C) dangerous
(D) permanent
(E) unconscious

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